https://moodle.univ-lille.fr/pluginfile.php/1323977/question/questiontext/4898464/4/2003872/TOOS%2003%20Rule%20book.mp4

In England who adopted football first ?

What happened on Oct. 26th 1863 ?

However, another group of players wrote another rule book

allowing to use the hands !

 https://moodle.univ-lille.fr/pluginfile.php/1323977/question/questiontext/4898464/3/2003767/TOOS%2002%20CuJu.mp4?time=1609832991650

The name of football comes from

What does BCE in 300BCE mean ?

CuJu is the name of...

From there the sport developed and evolved in various

forms...

https://moodle.univ-lille.fr/pluginfile.php/1323977/question/questiontext/4898464/2/2003758/TOOS%2001.mp4?time=1609833346321 

COMPLETE:

The world’s most sport has a problem. Nobody can  on what to

it. The majority of the world calls it football, but a handfull of

Basketball:

Dr James

Naismith

Basketball

initially started gaining popularity among colleges, but soon, professional

teams also appeared, as well as professional leagues. In

Sport

These paintings date back to around 15,300

years ago, that is during the Upper Paleolithic Age. Similar cave paintings

dating back to 7000 BC, depicting wrestling, have also been found in Mongolia.

Egyptian monuments dating back to 2000 BC, which depict fishing, swimming,

rowing, athletics, wrestling, weightlifting, archery, and even different sorts

of ball games, were discovered.

Though sports

have been around for a long time, many modern sports that we see today, like

basketball, American football, and ice hockey, developed only within the last

couple of centuries. Many ancient sports are still played today but have

transformed dramatically. Boxing dates to 3000 BC in Egypt, but it was quite

different from what we see today.

It is hard to trace back the exact origin of

sports, but it is evident that human activities like travelling and military

training influenced its development. Boxing and wrestling are some of the

earliest sports to be played, but also other ancient sports including

footraces, horse riding, chariot racing, javelin throws, archery, etc. Even

soccer has its origins from the Chinese military training dating back to the

2nd century BCE.

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1 – What does

BC mean in 7000BC ?

2 – When were most major modern team sports born ?

Basketball:

Dr James

Naismith

Basketball

initially started gaining popularity among colleges, but soon, professional

teams also appeared, as well as professional leagues. In

Ice

Hockey:

It is believed that Ice hockey evolved from

the games played during the pre-Christian times in Europe like the Irish

The first

organized indoor game

In 1910, the National Hockey Association

(NHA) was formed in Montreal. The NHA established a few rules like dropping the

rover position, dividing the game into three 20-minute periods, and introducing

major and minor penalties. After re-organizing as the National Hockey League in

1917, the league expanded into the United States, starting with the Boston

Bruins in 1924. Hockey is another sport in which early development took place

as much in college as it did in professional leagues.

---

14 – Where

does modern ice hockey originate ?

15 – How did

hockey evolve ?

Basketball:

Dr James

Naismith

Basketball

initially started gaining popularity among colleges, but soon, professional

teams also appeared, as well as professional leagues. In

Volleyball:

The game of volleyball, originally called

mignonette, was invented in 1895 by William G. Morgan. He was a physical

education director with the YMCA at Holyoke, Massachusetts. Mostly inspired by

sports like tennis, and handball, William designed mignonette as an indoor

sport to be played by any number of players. The first exhibition match was

played in 1896. At this time, most of the basic rules were established, but as

the game gained popularity, the rules evolved and due to the volleying nature

of the ball, it spread with the name of volleyball.

The USVBA (United States Volleyball

Association) was formed in 1928. During the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics, American

men and women took gold and silver medals in indoor volleyball competitions. In

1996, the two-men beach volleyball was introduced officially to the Olympics.

Volleyball is also a sport at the Paralympics managed by the World Organization

Volleyball for Disabled.

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12 – What was the common point between James

Naismith and William G. Morgan ?

13 – How many players composed a team of

mignonette ?

Tennis:

Many believe that tennis originated in the

monastic cloisters in northern France in the 12th century. Back then, the ball

was struck with the palm. Hence, the French called it – jeu de paume – which

meant the game of the palm. It was not until the 16th century that rackets came

into use, and the game began to be called tennis that became popular in England

and France. Henry VIII of England was a big fan of the game, now referred to as

real tennis or royal tennis. Apart from being played indoors like its French

ancestor, real tennis was different from the version of lawn tennis that we see

today.

Rubber vulcanisation was a process invented

by Charles Goodyear in the year 1850. It led to the creation of the bouncier

rubber balls. It, in turn, allowed tennis to be played outdoors on mud and

grass. In 1877, the All England Club held the first Wimbledon tournament. The

organising committee started to establish a set of rules which led the

foundation of modern tennis (general sules, shape of the court, etc...). By

1882, the specifications had evolved and modern tennis was born.

By 1913, tennis had gained popularity all

over the world. The national tennis associations came together and created the

International Lawn Tennis Federation (ILTF) in Paris. Tennis was a part of the

Olympics until 1924. Then it was dropped due to a dispute between the IOC and

the ILTF.

The concept of Grand Slams started in the

1930s that meant winning the four major tournaments – the Australian Open, the

French Open, Wimbledon, and the US Open. 1973 saw the beginning of the ATP and

WTA global and weekly rankings.

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8 – The

Jeu de Paume was

9 – What evolution of tennis was made

possible by Charles Goodyear’s invention ?

10 – Why wasn’t tennis played in the 1924

Olympic Games in Paris ?

11 – Grand slams (not in the text, but you

know this !). Winning the Grand Slam means winning the 4 major tournaments.

But where do they take place ?

Wimbledon

French Open

American Open

Australian Open