A 4-year-old boy has recently returned from a holiday abroad and has now arrived now at the Clinic of Infectious Diseases with his parents due to severe

dehydration caused by diarrhoea. The causative bacterium is

A newborn is

diagnosed with congenital deafness due to a defect in an intracellular protein.

This protein is a component of cell-cell junctions that form a pore connecting

the cytoplasm of adjacent cells. Which type of cell-cell junctions is defective in this patient?

A 19-year-old student

comes to the eye clinic with a very common problem today. He suffers from

cutting and burning eyes, the feeling of a foreign body in the eye, pressure,

and the feeling of tired eyes. The eyes are red. He is diagnosed with dry eye

syndrome. This can have many causes, and one of them is low tear production,

for example, as a result of taking certain medications. Tears are produced by

the lacrimal gland. The lacrimal gland is an exocrine gland. Its cells have a

basophilic cytoplasm and a round nucleus located in the basal third of the

cell. The basal part of the cells shows significant basophilia due to the

accumulation of polyribosomes and granular endoplasmic reticulum for the

production of proteins that are part of the produced secretion. The cells

contain zymogen granules, which are mostly released in a merocrine manner. What

type of gland is a lacrimal gland?

A new doctor at the Department of Paediatrics

and Inherited Metabolic Disorders gets acquainted with very rare syndromes. He

did not learn much about them in medical school, and because of their rarity,

they are mainly dealt with only by this department. These include rare

congenital disorders of glycosylation. These are diseases whose cause lies in

defects in the enzymes involved in the synthesis of the oligosaccharide chains

of glycoproteins. Glycoproteins are proteins that have oligosaccharide chains

covalently linked to a central protein chain. It is one of the

post-translational modifications of proteins. Most types of these diseases are

associated with neurological disorders, growth retardation, blood clotting

disorders, liver and gastrointestinal tract disease and typically manifest in

the neonatal or infant period. Where do these post-translational modifications

of proteins within the cell most commonly occur?

Which of the following would be a presenting symptom in an

infant born with dysfunction of the structures in the

photomicrograph?

The teacher wants to

demonstrate a typical serous gland to the students in practical exercises

focused on the glandular epithelium. However, he does not have much time to

think about it, because he has more tasks to complete. Which slide should he

choose to show the students typical serous acini?

A 19-year-old student

comes to the eye clinic with a very common problem today. He suffers from

cutting and burning eyes, the feeling of a foreign body in the eye, pressure,

and the feeling of tired eyes. The eyes are red. He is diagnosed with dry eye

syndrome. This can have many causes, and one of them is low tear production,

for example, as a result of taking certain medications. Tears are produced by

the lacrimal gland. The lacrimal gland is an exocrine gland. Its cells have a

basophilic cytoplasm and a round nucleus located in the basal third of the

cell. The basal part of the cells shows significant basophilia due to the

accumulation of polyribosomes and granular endoplasmic reticulum for the

production of proteins that are part of the produced secretion. The cells

contain zymogen granules, which are mostly released in a merocrine manner. What

type of gland is a lacrimal gland?

A 4-year-old boy has recently returned from a holiday abroad and has now arrived now at the Clinic of Infectious Diseases with his parents due to severe

dehydration caused by diarrhoea. The causative bacterium is

Arrhythmia, i. e. irregularity of the heart rhythm, can be caused, for

example, by a high or low level of certain ions. Heart muscle cells

(cardiomyocytes) can exchange these ions with each other to maintain

homeostasis. Cardiomyocytes are connected by intercalated discs. What type of

intercellular junction is part of the intercalated discs and used for ion

exchange?