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BMS1021 - Cells, tissues and organisms - S1 2025

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Use the picture below to answer the following questions.

Image failed to load: Teaching/Biol1011/GFPmChe_question2.png

You want to study three genes, so you create three fusion proteins. The first gene (gene1) is fused to green fluorescent protein (GFP), the second gene (gene2) is fused to red fluorescent protein (RFP) and third protein (gene3) is fused to a cyan fluorescent protein (CFP). You study a cross section view of a single cell under the microscope.

What type of protein is encoded by gene1?

You modify gene1 so that its protein product is not targeted to the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER), but is still translated by ribosomes. What will be the final destination of the protein produced by this modified gene?

You express your gene2/RFP fusion gene inside several types of human cell. You find that this protein is most abundant in a muscle cell - the whole cell appears to be red. What organelle is the product of gene2 targeted to?

You are puzzled when you look at the gene3 fusion product - when you study the cell over a period of time, you see that the cyan fusion protein is produced, transported to an organelle, but then that the colour slowly disappears over time. What organelle do you think the gene3/CFP fusion protein is being targeted to?

Please answer all parts of the question.
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Below is a dichotomous key classifying each of the specimens A-H.

Image failed to load

Following the key and using the information collected in your lab results sheet, indicate which specimen is identified by each numbered label (1-8).

Note: each specimen should only be used once.

1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

8. 

View this question

Use the picture below to answer the following questions.

Image failed to load: Teaching/Biol1011/GFPmChe_question2.png

You want to study three genes, so you create three fusion proteins. The first gene (gene1) is fused to green fluorescent protein (GFP), the second gene (gene2) is fused to red fluorescent protein (RFP) and third protein (gene3) is fused to a cyan fluorescent protein (CFP). You study a cross section view of a single cell under the microscope.

What type of protein is encoded by gene1?

You modify gene1 so that its protein product is not targeted to the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER), but is still translated by ribosomes. What will be the final destination of the protein produced by this modified gene?

You express your gene2/RFP fusion gene inside several types of human cell. You find that this protein is most abundant in a muscle cell - the whole cell appears to be red. What organelle is the product of gene2 targeted to?

You are puzzled when you look at the gene3 fusion product - when you study the cell over a period of time, you see that the cyan fusion protein is produced, transported to an organelle, but then that the colour slowly disappears over time. What organelle do you think the gene3/CFP fusion protein is being targeted to?

View this question
When calculating Surface Area to Volume ratios (SA:V), the following formulas are used:

Sphere:

    • Surface area = 4πr2
    • Volume = 4/3πr3
    • Where π = 3.14 and r = radius of the sphere
Cube:

    • Surface area = 6 x (length x depth)
    • Volume = length x depth x height

You have been given two cell samples:

    • Cell A is a spherical cell with a radius of 5 µm.
    • Cell B is a cube-shaped cell with a length, depth, and height of 10 µm.

a) What is the SA:V of Cell A?

 : 1

Input numerical answer to one decimal place.

b) What is the SA:V of Cell B?

 : 1

Input numerical answer to one decimal place.

c) Based on the above calculations, which cell (A or B) would most efficiently transport substances across the cell membrane?

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What are the minimum requirements of a cell? Select all that apply. Marks are deducted for incorrect answers.

0%
100%
100%
0%
0%
100%
0%
0%
100%
0%
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Question 4

 

Image failed to load

Fig. 4 - Structure of the amino acid Histidine 

Using the

information provided in

Fig. 4,

create a series of 3 diagrams that

describes

the structure/ionisation

state of

Histidine

at pH 4, 8 and 11.  Record a brief video screen sharing your

images, and explain how you arrived at your answer, ensuring you define pKa in

your explanation (1 min maximum).

 5 marks for diagrams & video

 3. Requirements:

-This is an oral presentation, you must record your own voice.

-Record your video in a quiet space (using headphones/microphone if available can help with audio clarity). 

-No more then 3 diagrams.

-The video length must be no longer than 1 minute. 

-Convert your video file to MP4.

-Please put your name on the file & upload below.

 1 mark for fulfilling requirements

 6 MARKS TOTAL

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Question 3C:  (2 marks)

Which of the following lipids will be the most soluble in water and why? (100 words max) 

Question 3D:  (2 marks)

To which family of lipids do lipid 4 belong? In the cell, where could it be found?  (100 words max)

Question 3E: (2 marks)

Describe the structure of lipid 4 from “top to tail”? What are the major characteristics that make it suitable for the location you suggested in 3D?

(100 words max)

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Question 3B (2 marks for annotated figure)

1.

Take a

screenshot/save a copy of the image shown in Figure 3 and paste this into a

document to edit (such as word, powerpoint etc).

2.

 Annotate

the image to clearly highlight the unsaturation position(s) in the figure, and

re-upload your version below.

3.

Requirements: (

1 mark for fulfilling requirements)

-

Convert your file to a PDF

- No

more than ONE A4-page of work (diagram and explanation)

- No

smaller than 12-point font

-

Please put your name on the document & upload below.

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Image failed to load

Use Figure 3 to answer questions 3 below.

Question 3A  (1 mark)

Which of the following lipids are saturated?

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Image failed to load

Question 2A

Distinguish between a

peptidic and glycosidic linkage

. Illustrate this by selecting 2 molecules from the ones

shown in

Fig. 2. Copy and paste your chosen 2 molecules below

and explain your choice (100 words maximum).

2 marks

Question 2B

Distinguish between

primary and tertiary structure

. Illustrate this by selecting 2 molecules from the ones

shown in

Fig. 2. Copy and paste your chosen 2 molecules below

and explain your choice (100 words maximum).

2 marks 

4 MARKS TOTAL

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