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What

happens if you call a recursive method without a proper base case?

The

program runs normally without issues

The program eventually throws a stack overflow error

compile-time error occurs

It returns a default value automatically

If countDown(3) is called, how many times is the

countDown method invoked (including the initial call)?

2 times

3 times

4 times

5 times

Which of the following statements about recursion in

Java are true? (Select all that apply.)

Java automatically optimizes all recursive methods

into iterative loops to improve performance.

A recursive method must have a base case to

prevent infinite recursion.

Each recursive call creates a

new frame on the call stack, consuming memory.

Recursion can simplify code by breaking a

problem into smaller, similar subproblems.

How

can recursion be particularly beneficial when solving problems involving

arrays?

automatically sorts the array before processing.

creates new copies of the array to preserve the original data.

eliminates the need for any loop constructs.

allows the problem to be broken down into smaller, similar subproblems, leading

to cleaner code.

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Examine the recursive method below that finds the

maximum element in an array:

What is the purpose of the parameter index?

It stores the

maximum value found so far.

It tracks the current position in the array

during recursion.

It is used to create a new array.

It determines the size of the array.

What happens to local variables when a method finishes execution?

They remain in memory until the program ends

They are deleted and no longer exist

They are converted into global variables

They are stored in a file for later use

What is a formal parameter in Java?

A variable that stores method return values

A placeholder in a method definition that gets replaced with actual values when the method is called

A variable that can only be used inside loops

A method that does not return a value

What happens if you try to access an index outside the bounds of an array in Java?

The program prints null.

The program throws an ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException.

The program ignores the invalid index and continues execution.

The program ignores the invalid index and continues execution

What is the difference between `return` and `print` in a method?

`return` stops the method and sends back a value, while `print` only displays output

`return` can only be used inside loops

`print` always executes after a `return`

Both `return` and `print` are the same