A patient is stabbed in the chest about 1 cm lateral to the sternum (i.e. parasternally). Which structure is MOST LIKELY to have been injured?

Which coronary artery is MOST LIKELY to be occluded?

The patient then develops severe shortness of breath on auscultation, and a new pansystolic murmur is heard on auscultation at a location over the apex beat of the heart. What does this MOST LIKELY represent?

A patient presents with acute chest pain and ST elevation in leads II, III and aVF. Which part of the heart is affected?

The structures that are IMMEDIATELY ADJACENT to the oesophagus at this level include:

A medical student is observing a gastroscopy and notices a narrowing at the end of the oesophagus. The oesophagus otherwise appears normal, so they conclude it is a normal structure (i.e. not the result of pathology). What is MOST LIKELY to be causing this narrowing?

What vertebral level does this narrowing occur at?

When taken to theatre for reduction and fixation of the fracture, the surgical team recalls that additionally a nerve is at risk when pins are passed through the medial epicondyle of the humerus. Which nerve is most at risk here?

A 27-year old patient on the orthopaedic ward is asked to be reviewed by the orthopaedic intern due to “pins and needles” following being fitted with a circumferential plaster for a tibial fracture. She complains of altered sensation over the dorsum of the foot, including in the 1st web space. Which nerve is likely being compressed?

An 8-year old child presents with the following fracture and an inability to flex the interphalangeal joint of their thumb. Which neurovascular structures are most likely compromised in this clinical scenario, at the site of the fracture?