Uses ESG performance criteria and financial characteristics to select the best companies within an industry or a sector, usually through a sustainability rating framework.

Excluding individual companies or entire industries from portfolios.

Seeks to incorporate material ESG risks and growth opportunities directly into traditional security valuation (e.g., through inputs such as earnings, growth or discount rates) and portfolio construction.

Intends to leverage shareholder influence and attempts to shift corporate behavior toward greater compliance with ESG principles.

Seeks to generate a positive social or environmental impact alongside a financial return.

Identifies themes related do ESG factors, determines which industries and companies are positioned to benefit from these trends, and constructs portfolios accordingly.

Passively managed.

Do not require a minimum initial investment.

Expense ratio between 0.1% and 10%.

Usually require a minimum initial investment.

Expense ratio between 0.1% and 1.25%.

Actively managed.

Priced once a day, at the end of the trading day, always at the Net Asset Value.

Priced during a day because they are traded on a stock exchange and their market prices may be slightly different from the Net Asset Value, depending on the supply and demand.