You can test your students’ ability to draw a single conclusion from different inputs or you may alternatively want them to come up with different possible answers  

You can test students’ reasoning skills by focusing  on the process they follow to arrive at a solution or you can evaluate the end product

Student success can be measured by learning a set amount of material or demonstrating certain skills or  by assessing the amount of progress they make over the duration of the course

You can design your test questions to assess students’ knowledge or ability to apply material taught in class

You can evaluate students’ communication skills their ability to express themselves