a dialogue going on between the author,

the reader & other writers

the manifestation of the author’s

attitude to the things described

intensification (logical/emotive)

anticipation of future events / return

to events in the past

the

text must be a complete whole

(internal)

interconnectedness; a continuity of senses which holds

a text together

any text must convey certain information

the

action or fact of forming a united whole with the help of explicit formal connectors

Discourse 

Text 

a

concrete unit of speech, generated & perceived in its oral or written form along with the

the

circumstances

that form the setting for an event, statement, or idea, and in terms of which

it can be fully understood and assessed: 

a  product of speech,

represented in

written

form,

that follows some literary norms; 

the

parts of something written or spoken that immediately precede and follow a word

or passage and clarify its meaning

Individuality/subjectivity; unity of artistic form and contents; emotionality and evaluation

Brevity, clarity, accuracy,

objectivity, standardization/keeping track of the change vs. 

Straightforward/hidden evaluation,

subjectivity, argumentation

Standardization/expressiveness; Social evaluation; Subjectivity (author as a private person & social being); Dialogical character

to reach an agreement & to

state conditions binding 2 parties in an undertaking

to prove a hypothesis, to create new

concepts, to disclose the internal laws of existence

to

inform the general public about about relevant domestic/international

developments

to persuade, influence the reader/

listener & shape his/ her views in accordance with the argumentation of

the author