Crowdly

It’s an organic-rich sediment deposited in wetlands

It's a carbonate that formed from the calcium-rich skeletons of microorganisms that had accumulated on the seafloor

It’s a carbonate precipitated from ground water

Assess the sediments in the figure below and identify which would most likely lithify into a shale?

Different sediment types

100%

As sea level rises, depositional environments shift inland with the advancement of the sea across a region. This results in shallow marine deposits on top of transitional or terrestrial sedimentary deposits. This is known as what type of event?

regression

progradation

transgression

Which type of magma is typically silica-rich felsic or intermediate in composition and produce granites, rhyolites, tuffs, and andesites?

High viscosity magmas

silica-poor magma

Intrusive magmas

Low viscosity magmas

The presence of pillow basalts indicate lava flowed within a body of water.

True

False

Both Hawaii and Yellowstone are hotspots within tectonic plates. Which statement is the CORRECT explanation for why Hawaii volcanism mostly produces, while Yellowstone volcanism has produced calderas from large explosive eruptions?

Yellowstone volcanism is associated with more magma-water interactions.

Yellowstone's volcanism is more mafic because the mantle plume is below oceanic crust resulting in more mafic and lower viscosity magma.

Yellowstone's volcanism is caused by a subduction zone on the east side of the North American plate.

Yellowstone volcanism sits within continental crust resulting in more felsic-intermediate magma compositions and thus more explosive volcanic eruptions.

Assess which is the correct explanation for why volcanoes associated with subduction zones tend to be explosive.

they form fast-moving lava flows that move into water

they carry rocks from depth that are quite explosive

they are generally more viscous and effectively retain gases

they are generally less viscous and effectively retain gases

Which is the correct description about the hazards of lava flows?

Lava flows start at the central vent and flow so fast down the steep slopes of stratovolcanoes that cars cannot escape if in its path.

They only affect the area near the central vent of a volcano.

Where lava flows, it will change the landscape and makes areas uninhabitable, but often times there is enough warning to evacuate the area in its path.

They produce fine ash that blanket the ground and can impact regions far away.

Which volcanic type is rare and has not been observed in modern times, and produce some of the largest and lowest viscosity types of eruptions?

Supervolcanoes

Flood Basalts

Cinder cones