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Hynek's nuclear number

represents the average nuclear volume of erythroblasts (in femtolitres).

is the average number of nuclear segments in neutrophils.

is approximately 2.7 in a healthy individual.

expresses the amount (mass) of hemoglobin in the erythrocyte.

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Erythrocytes (red blood cells) in the peripheral blood

are non-nucleated and have no rough endoplasmic reticulum, which allows them to survive for hours or days at most.

thanks to their flexible membrane cytoskeleton, they can deform reversibly and thus penetrate even small capillaries.

their small fraction (up to 10% of erythrocytes), which still has nuclei, are called reticulocytes.

transport oxygen and carbon dioxide, both bound to haemoglobin.

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continues to develop into a reticulocyte, of which there are normally only a limited number in circulation (1-2% of erythrocytes).

circulates in the blood and normally penetrates the blood vessel wall into the connective tissue of most organs, where it carries oxygen directly to the cells.

is an erythrocyte with a diameter of approximately 7.2-7.5 µm.

still has a nucleus, which is ejected from the cell in the next stage of development.

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Granules of basophils contain mainly

eosinophil cationic protein (ECP).

von Willebrand factor.

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Of all the white blood cells in the peripheral blood, in a healthy person they usually form

65 - 75% neutrophils.

20 - 30% lymphocytes.

2 - 5% eosinophils.

4 - 8% monocytes.

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A low hematocrit may be caused by

excessive production of erythropoietin.

sudden and rapid blood loss.

dehydration of the body.

prolonged occult bleeding, e.g. in the intestine.

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gives rise to platelets.

is usually about 100 µm in size.

develops from the megakaryoblast.

gives rise mainly to erythrocytes.

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the reticulocyte, after extrusion of the nucleus, gives rise to the first non-nucleated stage, called the normocyte.

is stimulated by the hormone erythropoietin, which is mainly produced by the cells of the kidney.

the result is a non-nucleated erythrocyte with a lifespan of 100-120 days.

first, an orthochromatic erythroblast is formed, which changes into a basophilic erythroblast by the formation of hemoglobin.

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Hematopoiesis hepatolienal takes place

only in lower mammals, but not in humans.

in the embryo only up to the 8th week of development.

prenatally, it is replaced by medullary hematopoiesis towards the end of the 3rd trimester.

under physiological conditions to a considerable extent even in adulthood.

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normally make up about 40% of all white blood cells in the peripheral circulation in a healthy person.

contain histamine and heparin in granules.

after migrating to the tissues, they become macrophages.

usually circulate in the peripheral circulation for about 3 days.

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