The fallacy of _____ occurs when the authority or witness that one appeals to lacks appropriate credibility.

The fallacies of presumption arise not because the premises are irrelevant to the conclusion or provide insufficient reason reason for believing the conclusion but because the premises presume what they purport to prove.

The following can be best described as committing _____:

The Daily News carried an article this morning about three local teenagers who

were arrested on charges of drug possession. Teenagers these days are nothing

but a bunch of junkies.

The fallacy of ____ occurs when the conclusion of an argument depends on the fact that the word or phrase is used, either explicitly or implicitly, in two different senses in the argument.

e.g. "Any law can be repealed by the legislative authority. But the law of gravity is a law. Therefore, the law of gravity can be repealed by the legislative authority."

In the red herring fallacy, the arguer attempts to lead the reader or listener off the track.

The following can be best seen as committing ______:

Dr. Morrison has argued that smoking is responsible for the majority of

health problems in this country and that every smoker who has even the

slightest concern for his or her health should quit. Unfortunately, however,

we must consign Dr. Morrison’s argument to the trash bin. Only yesterday

I saw none other than Dr. Morrison himself smoking a cigar.

Focusing on the messenger (the person who's claiming the message) instead of the message is always wrong.