Bacteria can 'bioremediate' oil spills without any negative impacts.

Biomagnification is the process where pollutants in organisms become more concentrated as you go down the food chain.

Several species have not recovered from the pollution caused by the Exxon Valdez petroleum spill over 30 years ago.

A typical oxygen (O₂) concentration in the ocean is 8-9 ppm.

Upwelling ocean waters are nutrient- and dissolved-gas poor because at depth, phytoplankton to consume these compounds.

The Exxon Valdez crude oil spill in Alaska is the largest oil spill ever.

Carolus Linnaeus created a system to classify all lifeforms into a relationship-based system in 1758.

Sub-tropical gyres in the ocean have created floating 'rafts' of plastic in the oceans that are as large as Nova Scotia.

'Ghost fishing' involves any lost or discarded fishing gear still capable of catching fish.

Plankton are any organism that drifts with the ocean currents.