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2025W Operating Systems (CS-3520-01)

2025W Operating Systems (CS-3520-01)

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Consider a system that has a 16KB address space and 64 byte pages and both page table entries and page directory entries are 4 bytes each. How many pages are needed to store the page table?

2⁴

2¹⁴

2⁸

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When a process that is currently executing makes a system call to read from disk, what should the operating system's scheduler do?

Leave the process running until its time slice expires.

Move the process to the blocked state and schedule another process from the ready queue.

Do nothing since I/O operations are handled by the DMA controller.

Kill the process as it might be attempting unauthorized I/O.

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Consider a system that has a 16KB address space and 64 byte pages in a two-level and that the page directory and the page table with entries as in the image below. Assume page table entries and page directory entries are 4 bytes each. Note: all entries in the table are in decimal.

What is the translation of the virtual address 0x0133?

Invalid address (segmentation fault)

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Using the same two-level page table as the previous question, What is the translation of the virtual address 0x3bb3?

Not valid (segmentation fault)

Valid, but none of the above.

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Why aren't Shortest Job First (SJF) and Shortest Time to Completion First (STCF) commonly used in modern operating systems?

It's generally impossible to know a job's runtime in advance

They provide poor throughput

They cause too many context switches

They don't support process priorities

They lead to excessive memory usage

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What is a significant disadvantage of using large pages?

They can lead to increased internal fragmentation

They decrease TLB reach

They make address translation slower

They require more complex page tables

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Consider a system that has a 16KB address space and 64 byte pages and both page table entries and page directory entries are 4 bytes each. How many bits of a virtual address are needed for the offset?

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What best describes internal fragmentation in a paging system?

The wasted space within allocated pages when the process doesn't need all the space in its last page

The accumulation of small free spaces between allocated segments

The separation of the address space into various fragments.

The gaps between virtual pages

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Why did we not use a time-sharing model for virtualizing memory where only one process is in physical memory at a time?

Time-sharing memory has horrible performance: while saving and restoring register-level state (the PC, general-purpose registers, etc.) is relatively fast, saving the entire contents of memory to disk is brutally slow in comparison.

Page tables were easier to implement than swap space management

Disk space would fill up too quickly if it were required to store the memory for all processes except the one currently running.

An early team of operating systems developers lost money in a Florida resort time-share scam and thus did not want to implement a time-sharing system for virtualizing memory.

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Consider a system where virtual addresses are 12 bits and pages are 256 bytes. If the Page Frame Number (PFN) is 5 bits, what is the size of physical memory?

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